Tumors of the Esophagus, Gastroesophageal Junction, and Stomach

Objectives

To review the incidence, risk factors, staging, and diagnosis of esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, and stomach cancers, as well as nursing challenges associated with managing patients with these tumors.

Data Sources

Published research reports, epidemiologic data, published patient management guidelines, and institution-based clinical tools.

Conclusion

While survival is slowly increasing, morbidity and mortality associated with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers remain high. Research is needed to identify therapeutic approaches that will effectively decrease tumor burden and minimize physical consequences associated with disease and treatment.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Nurses need to be familiar with risk factors, disease course, and future therapies of UGI cancers to provide education relevant to preventive approaches, assist patients with treatment decision-making, and manage disease and treatment-induced sequela. Early identification and management of postoperative complications and nutritional issues can avoid life-threatening effects.

Key Words: Esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, stomach cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer, Barrett’s esophagus, esophagogastroscopy, esophagectomy